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301	Chemical Engineering	ABS-287
Non-solvent investigation on polyvinylidene flouride (PVDF) membrane composed by green solvent: membrane kinetic study Nasrul Arahman; Afrilia Fahrina; Fachrul Razi; Sri Mulyati Chemical Engineering Department Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indoensia Abstract Immersion-precipitation method was conducted to prepare polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane made by triethyl phosphate (TEP) as green solvent. The influence of non-solvent compositions consist of water-methanol and water-NMP on PVDF/TEP membrane performances were investigated. The coherency between membrane physicochemical characteristic and filtration performance were studied. Physicochemical properties were characterized in terms of membrane morphological structure on top and sub-layer and mechanical strength. Filtration performance were tested as pure water permeation, foulant rejection, and filtration stability. The experimental results showed that the pore formation in membrane structure was governed by kinetic factor in this case, mutual diffusivity. In this study, the mutual diffusivity between solvent and non-solvent was defined by Hansen solubility parameter. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) presented that the surface of PVDF/TEP/Water-NMP membrane has the larger pore than PVDF/TEP/Water-methanol system. Therefore, PVDF/TEP/Water-NMP provided better permeability in filtration perfomance test. Nevertheless, the both of membrane satistifycally could retain 99.96% of CaCO3 particle in synthetic wastewater. Membrane kinetic study of the experimental result will be discussed further. Keywords: triethyl phosphate (TEP), green solvent, physicochemical characteristic, Hansen solubility parameter. PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nasrul Arahman)

302	Chemical Engineering	ABS-851
Application Foam Agent To Foam Cement Slurry For Geothermal Well Drilling Abdul Hamid*, Rini Setiati, Andreawan Santoso Petroleum Engineering Departement , FTKE, Universitas Trisakti Abstract One type of light weight cement is foam cement which can be used in cementing operations in weak zones with the possibility of small fractures, and reducing the amount of light weight cement suspension levels. The foam cement suspension can be used to solve lost circulation due to natural vertical fractures or cavernous formations. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of foam cement slurry to solve the loss circulation in geothermal wells Making slurry cement uses class G cement at 200 mesh and 100 mesh sizes with the composition of Cement. The cement is put into the waring blender containing water, stir it for 35 seconds, adding foam agent into cement slurry with variations in foam agent concentration of 0.03%, 0.06%, 0.09%, 0.12% and 0.15%. Observation of foam cement slurry above was carried out for 30 minutes to test the stability of bubbles in the mixture. The results this study showed different compressive strength values at variations of the concentration of foam agent. The strength value is strongly influenced by evaluation of permeability, porosity and bulk density of core foam cement. The test results of samples with 0.03% Sika-aer concentration have a compressive strength value of 3745,533 psia, while samples with Sika-aer concentration of 0.15% have compressive value of 1701.459 psia The value of compressive strength core foam cement samples can form a linear line relationship between variations in foam agent concentration. Keywords: compressive strength, foam agent, lost circulation, sika aer, slurry cemen PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (RINI SETIATI)

303	Chemical Engineering	ABS-852
STUDY LABORATORY OF ADDITION SODIUM LIGNOSULFONATE ADDITIVE IN G CLASS CEMENT ON THICKENING TIME AND COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH Cahaya Rosyidan, Lisa Samura, Mustamina Maulani, Petroleum Engineering, Trisakti University, Jakarta 11440, Indonesia Abstract Cementing process was not good can be caused by the poor planning of cement slurry carried out in the laboratory. Poor cementing certainly cannot meet the expectations and goals of the cementing process. The purpose of this study was to select the right and optimal cement composition by testing sodium lignosulfonate retarder additives for thickening time and compressive strength. The methodology used in this study was laboratory testing using class G cement. The addition of sodium lignosulfonate additive in this class G cement was obtained the highest thickening time value at a concentration of 1.5% temperature 150 ° F with a 240 minute test result. Keywords: sodium lignosulfonat, G class cement, compressive strength, thickening time PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (RINI SETIATI)

304	Chemical Engineering	ABS-862
INITIAL SCREENING OF AOS SURFACTANT, ITS PERFORMANCE IN EOR, TO IMPROVE OIL RECOVERY Reno Pratiwi (*), Rini Setiati, Rifki Andriyan Petroleum Engineering, Trisakti University, Jl Kyai Tapa no. 1, Jakarta Barat, Indonesia * reno.pratiwi[at]trisakti.ac.id Abstract Contiuous increasing of fuel need in Indonesia, at least in the last ten years, is the reason for improving domestically crude oil production. Exploitation in the form of oil drainage activities needs to be investigated further. Surfactants as an agents that believed can reduce interfacial tension, need to be determined the formulation and compatibility in their use for oil drainage from reservoirs. Screening of the conditions of surfactant operation needs to be done in order to provide optimal oil recovery. In this study a surfactant behavior test was carried out on AOS (Alpha Olephin Sulfonate) in a laboratory scale, using sandpack as a sandstone reservoir rock prototype, measured the effect of salinity and concentration on oil recovery in chemical flooding. From the measurements, it was found that a surfactant concentration of 1.5% worked optimally in formation water with a salinity of 10,000 ppm, and produced a recovery factor of 7.5%. The emulsion formed shows that the surfactant works in the upper phase, or tends to dissolve in oil, correlates with the basic ingredients of surfactant which is an oil base. Keywords: Surfactant, EOR, Oil Recovery PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Reno Pratiwi)

305	Chemical Engineering	ABS-879
Determination of CO2 Volume Injection Effect to Reservoir Fluid Characteristic in Miscible CO2 Displacement Kartika Fajarwati Hartono (a*), Rachmat Sudibjo (b), Yogi Aditia (b) (a) Petroleum Engineering Department, Faculty of Earth Technology and Energy, Trisakti University Jalan Kyai Tapa No. 1, Grogol, Jakarta Barat, 11440, Indonesia *kartika[at]trisakti.ac.id (b) Magister of Petroleum Engineering Department,Faculty of Earth Technology and Energy, Trisakti University Jalan Kyai Tapa No. 1, Grogol, Jakarta Barat, 11440, Indonesia Abstract CO2 Injection is one of Enhanced Oil Recovery methods that developed to contribute to decrease global warming issues and to improve oil recovery. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of increasing CO2 volume injection on reservoir characteristic fluid. This research was conducted by laboratory experiment. Samples used to analyse were come from Beta field in Tuban Formation. This research was conducted into three steps, there were determination of Minimum Miscible Pressure of CO2, determination of PVT fluid composition, and determination of CO2 injection to fluid characteristic that include viscosity and swelling oil. From the experimental, yield the minimum miscible pressure of CO2 injection for Beta field is 2800 Psig. By increasing 10% volume CO2 injection, oil recovery was increased due to increase CO2 solubility. The swelling effect due to dissolved CO2 also led to changes in viscosity for Beta field is 0.588 to 0.541 cp. In addition, percentage of CO2 composition increase 30% from the original since CO2 injection due to solubility CO2 into hydrocarbon fluid. This research can be concluded that by increasing of volume CO2 injection into miscible displacement can affect in changes of fluid characteristic reservoir and improve oil recovery. Keywords: CO2 Injection; Minimum Miscible Pressure; Enhanced Oil Recovery PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Kartika Fajarwati Hartono)

306	Chemical Engineering	ABS-379
FOULING RESISTANCE STUDY OF POLY (ETHER SULFONE) ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANE WHICH IN-SITU POLYMERIZED WITH POLYDOPAMINE Friska Meirisa(a), Syawaliah Muchtar (b), Nasrul Arahman (c), Sri Mulyati (c*) (a) Graduate School of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia (b) Doctoral School of Engineering Science, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia (c) Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia *sri.mulyati[at]unsyiah.ac.id Abstract This works focuses on the fouling resistance evaluation of polydopamine-blended poly (ether sulfone) (PES) ultrafiltration membrane for water treatment application. The supporting PES membrane was prepared via common phase inversion method. The dopamine was introduced to the membrane by blending technique and the modification occurred by in-situ polymerization of dopamine into polydopamine which triggered by peroxide. The antifouling performances were studied in terms of flux recovery, reversible fouling, irreversible fouling, and total fouling. The relevant characteristics of the membranes such as surface porosity, chemical composition, water permeation, and solute rejection were also provided to support the analysis of antifouling performances. The results revealed that the presence of polydopamine in the membrane system significantly enhanced the fouling resistance of the polydopamine-blended PES membrane. The hydrophilic component in polydopamine reduced the interaction of membrane with foulant thus lowered the total fouling of only 18.92% with 13.50% reversible fouling and 5.42% irreversible fouling for modified membrane. In addition, the polydopamine-modified membrane successfully recovered up to 95% of the flux after backwashing, much higher than that of original PES which was only 67%. Keywords: Antifouling; Ultrafiltration; Polydopamine; In-situ polymerization PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sri Mulyati)

307	Chemical Engineering	ABS-380
UTILIZATION OF NATURAL-SOURCED NANOSILICA FROM RICE HUSK AND SUGARCANE BAGASSE AS FLUX PROMOTING AGENTS FOR ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANE Sri Mulyati (a*), Syawaliah Muchtar (b), Mukramah Y. Wahab (b), Muhammad A. Armando (a), Habli Mawardi (a), and Nasrul Arahman (a) (a) Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia (b) Doctoral School of Engineering Science, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia *sri.mulyati[at]unsyiah.ac.id Abstract This paper reports about the application of biosilica sourced from low-cost and natural biomasses such as rice husk and sugarcane bagasse as membrane modifying agents. The modification was conducted on poly(ether sulfone) membrane by blending technique. The modification was aimed to improve the performance of the PES membrane in terms of water permeability as well as separation performance. The effects of silica addition to the membrane system were evaluated through the analysis of change in chemical structure using attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, surface morphological change using the atomic force microscope, and surface hydrophilicity using water contact angle measurement. The results showed that addition of biosilica of both natural sources successfully enhanced the pore property and hydrophilicity (from 80 to 50 contact angle degree) of the membranes which subsequently improved the water permeability as well as filtration performance of the blended membranes. Keywords: Biosilica; Ultrafiltration; Flux promoting agent; Rice husk; Sugarcane baggase PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sri Mulyati)

308	Chemical Engineering	ABS-382
Utilization of water hyacinth-based biomass as a potential heterogenous catalyst for biodiesel production Firda Tirta Yani (a), Komala Pontas (b), Ridha Ulhaqi (b), Winda Putri Pratiwi (b), Husni Husin (b*) (a) Graduate School of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 23111 (b) Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 23111 *husni_husin[at]che.unsyiah.ac.id Abstract With the aim to reduce the negative impacts caused by the widespread of water hyacinth to the environment, this paper reports the utilization of water hyacinth as a source of biomass to fabricate a heterogeneous catalyst. The catalyst was prepared by calcinating the grounded hyacinth biomass at 600 celcius, and K2CO3 was then introduced as a co-catalyst through impregnation method. The properties of biodiesel were also evaluated in terms of viscosity, density, and acidic number. To better understand the impregnation effects, surface topography, particle size, and atom composition of water hyacinth catalyst without and with K2CO3 impregnation were analyzed. The performance of the synthesized catalyst was studied for transesterification reaction of palm oil into biodiesel. The reaction was carried out in a batch mode for 3 hours with stirring at 65 celcius. The molar ratio of methanol to oil of 12:1, and the catalyst loading was varied from 5 to 15 wt.%. The highest yield (94,47%) was obtained from the process using 15% of hyacinth-based catalyst which impregnated with 20% of K2CO3. The biodiesel produced was in the range of the SNI standard. The water hyacinth can be a promising heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production at industrial scale. Keywords: Heterogenous catalyst, Water hyacinth, Impregnation, Biodiesel PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Firda Tirta Yani)

309	Chemical Engineering	ABS-384
STUDY OF pH INFLUENCES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF Na-LOADED NbOPO4 SOLID ACID CATALYST FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION Yuliana Sy (1), Nurhazanah (1), Arif Maulana (2), Mahidin (2), Husni Husin (2*) 1) Graduate School of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 23111 2) Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 23111 Abstract This study reports on the development, preparation and performance test of NbOPO4 solid acid catalyst for biofuel production from vegetable oil. NbOPO4 catalyst was synthesized by sol-gel method using NbCl5, H2SO4, and citric acid as the precursor solutions and chellating agent, respectively. This solid acid catalyst was developed by combination with NaOH as an active phase to provide reaction sites and increase the surface area of the catalyst. Dependent variables in the study were calcination time of 5 h; NbOPO4 loading of 2%; transestrification time of 3 h; reaction temperature at 65-70 Celcius and oil mass of 30 g. Whereas, the catalyst pH of 2, 4, 6, 9, and Na impregnation ratio of 20-50% were set as independent variables. The crystalline morphology of catalyst was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy, and X-Ray Difractometer was used to characterize crystallinity degree of the catalyst. The performance of the catalyst was evaluated from a transesterification reaction for biodiesel production. The highest biodiesel yield of 98,5% was obtained in the reaction using catalyst with pH of 4 and Na impregnation ratio of 30%. The density obtained was 0,860 gr/cm3 confirming that the produced biodiesel complies to the SNI standard. Keywords: solid acid catalyst, biofuel, transesterification, Na/NbOPO4 PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yuliana Sy)

310	Chemical Engineering	ABS-388
Removal of Fe (II) in Groundwater using Rice Husk-Sourced Biosorbent in Continuous Column Adsorption Syariful Maliki (a), Cut Meurah Rosnelly (b*), Adi Salamun (b), Husni Husin (b), Nadya Bilqis (b) (a)Graduate School of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 23111 (b)Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 23111 *cutnelly[at]ymail.com Abstract Ferrous is one of the groundwater contaminants that negatively impacts health and the environment. The allowed ferrous content is < 1 ppm in water for daily use. Removal of Fe in groundwater by adsorption using low-cost bio-sorbent from rice husk has been conducted. The process was carried out in continuous mode using two types of rice husk-sourced adsorbents, one was only carbonated at 400 C and another was followed by a physical activation at 650 C. To study the effects of physical activation on the surface characteristics, both types of bio-sorbents were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The concentration of artificial sample before and after adsorption was evaluated using the Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. From the results, the adsorption using physically activated sorbent had greater removal efficiency of 74.02% compared to that of without activation treatment, which was only 65.70%. In addition, the concentration of ferrous was successfully reduced to 1,029 and 0.779 ppm from the initial concentration of 3 ppm for the process using the adsorbent without and with activation, respectively. It can be concluded that the physically activated rice husk has the potential to be used for adsorption of Ferrous in continuous reactor. Keywords: Biosorbent; Rice husk; Fe removal; Continuous adsorption PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Syariful Maliki)

311	Chemical Engineering	ABS-906
Predicting Oil Recovery through CO2 Flooding Simulation Using Methods of Continuous and Water Alternating Gas Margaretha Marissa Thomas (a*), Fathaddin, M.T. (a), Usman Pasarai a)Petroleum Engineering Department, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia *)mmarissa89[at]gmail.com b)PPPTMGB Lemigas, Jakarta, Indonesia Abstract In this study, CO2 Flooding simulation models were used to predict oil recovery. The models were previously validated by laboratory experiments of Continuous Injection and Water Alternating Gas (CO2) injection for miscible condition. Sensitivity test was performed to attain the best injection rate parameters.The simulation experiments indicated that the optimal performance for both methods obtained at injection rate of 0,09 cuft/day. The scenarios of continuous CO2 injection showed that the maximum recovery factor (RF) is 21%. While the scenarios of Water Alternating Gas, the maximum RF is 38%. Based on the whole scenarios used, WAG displacement resulted in more effective RF value than Continuous Flooding, within the range of injection rate studied. Keywords: CO2 Injection, Simulation, Recovery Factor PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Taufiq Fathaddin)

312	Chemical Engineering	ABS-666
Characterization of Modified-Polyurethane-Foam Adsorbents for Mercury Adsorption Darmadi, Adi Salamun, Riski Saputra, M Dian Alfarabi, Nurul Ismi, Irfan Mustafa, Mirna Rahmah Lubis* Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala Abstract The modified-polyurethane-foam adsorbents for mercury adsorption can typically reduce the potential impact of mercury pollution. This study aims to investigate the essential characteristics of adsorbents, made of castor oil, methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, glycerol, merely modified by zeolite and bentonite addition. Polyurethane foam with optimum performance is further characterized to find out its physical and chemical properties including: functional groups (FTIR), surface morphology (SEM) and specific area (BET). The FTIR characterization show that polyurethane foams without necessary modification typically contains a C = O group as its typical group scientifically shown by its specific wavelength (1654–1516 cm-1, 1680–1514 cm-1, and 1593–1516 cm-1). The modified-polyurethane foam properly contains a C = CH group with a typical wavelength of 3008 cm-1 with zeolite addition. It also shows the visible wavelength of 3007 cm-1 with bentonite addition. The SEM characterization show that zeolite-modified-polyurethane foam properly maintains a smooth and flat structure with small pores, whereas polyurethane foam with bentonite typically has an irregular particle shape. The obtained BET area for sample 60% zeolite, 50% MDI and 40% gliserol is precisely 2.8257 m2/g. Whereas for the narrowest BET area in sample 40% zeolite, MDI 50%, and gliserol 60% is merely 0.773 m2/g. Keywords: polyurethane, polyurethane foam, characterization, zeolite, bentonite PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Darmadi Darmadi)

313	Chemical Engineering	ABS-671
Enhanced Photocatalytic of Hydrogen Production from Water-Glycerol Solution Over RuO2-loaded LaNaTaO3 Husni Husin (a,b)*, Komala Pontas (a,b), Muhammad Zaki (a,b), Darmadi (a,b), Azwir Masna (b) a) Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia b) Graduate School of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia *husni_husin[at]che.unsyiah.ac.id Abstract Study of hydrogen production from aqueous glycerol solution using RuO2-loaded LaNaTaO3 photocatalyst is reported in this paper. This research aims to investigate the influence of RuO2 co-catalyst and glycerol as a sacrificial reagent on photocatalytic process of hydrogen production. La-doped NaTaO3 was prepared via sol-gel route. The RuO2 was loaded onto the LaNaTaO3 surface by impregnation method. The sample were characterized by Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The XRD spectrum shows that the La-NaTaO3 photocatalyst has high crystallinity. The SEM analysis indicates that the size of La-NaTaO3 photocatalyst is ranging from 100 to 250 nm without agglomeration and RuO2 as a co-catalyst is well loaded into the La-NaTaO3 surface. Loading RuO2 on La-NaTaO3 photocatalyst is proven to increase the rate of hydrogen production by 9.8 times with addition of glycerol as a sacrificial reagent. The highest hydrogen production activity was obtained at 0.3 wt.% ruthenium loading and increase significantly with increasing glycerol concentration. The role of co-catalyst RuO2 and glycerol as sacrificial reagent enhanced the performance of La-NaTaO3 photocatalyst by playing an active role in the separation efficiency of electrons and holes and the reaction of hydrogen formation. Keywords: Hydrogen; Ruthenium oxide; Sodium tantalum oxide; Glycerol PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Husni Husin)

314	Chemical Engineering	ABS-672
Studies on Degradation of Rice Husk Ash filled in Polypropylene Composites under Natural Weathering Condition Sri Aprilia1*, Yanna Syamsuddin1, Nasrullah Razali1, Fitriani1, Amri Amin2 1Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia 2Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, University of Abulyatama, Aceh Besar, Indonesia *sriaprilia[at]unsyiah.ac.id Abstract Natural weathering of rice husk ash filled in polypropylene composite films has been investigated by exposing the samples to a tropical clime for 4 months with max-min temperature 22 - 30oC and relative humidity 75%. Rise husk ash filled in film composite polypropylene effect of filler loading was 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9% and compare with neat composite. The silica from rice husk ash was isolated with acetic acid. The silica content was analyzed by XRD, SEM and FTIR to show crystallinity, structure and functional group. The weathered film composites polypropylene was investigated before and after exposure and analyzed the morphology with FTIR and SEM. Mechanical test for the film composites polypropylene take place for tensile strength and percentages of elongation at break. The result show that the tensile strength and percentages of elongation at break decrease after natural weathering. The average tensile strength of film composites polypropylene decrease about 64.54 ± 17.50% and the elongation at break of film composites polypropylene decrease about 49.33 ± 15.28%. Keywords: silica from rice husk ash, film composites polypropylene, morphology and mechanical test PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sri Aprilia)

315	Chemical Engineering	ABS-962
LABORATORY STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF SALINITY, SURFACTANT TYPE AND CONCENTRATION TO RECOVERY FACTOR FOR CARBONATE ROCK Prayang Sunny Yulia (a*), Sugiatmo Kasmungin (a), Muhammad Taufiq Fathaddin (a) a. Petroleum Engineering Department, Faculty of Earth Technology and Energy, Universitas Trisakti-Jakarta *prayang[at]trisakti.ac.id Abstract The needs of petroleum as energy, have increasing while the oil production has depleting. Due to that needs, the method of Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) or in other hands as tertiary recovery (after primary recovery and secondary recovery) is being developed. EOR has many methods; one of the methods is chemical injection that consists of surfactant, alkaline and polymer. In this experiment, the author is using surfactant injection. The using of surfactant is to decrease the interfacial tension between oil and water, with the result is surfactant can displace oil through rock pores. This study will be discussing about the effect of salinity, surfactant types and surfactant concentrations on surfactant injection for carbonate rock. Surfactant types that will be used are Alpha Olefin Sulfonate (AOS) and Tween 20. Each surfactant type has its concentration varieties as 0,1%; 0,25%; 0,5%; 0,75% and 1%. Salinity varieties of brine water are 10.000 ppm; 15.000 ppm; 20.000 ppm and 25.000 ppm. From this study, it will determine that how capable surfactant can displace the oil from rock pores, based on the influence of salinity, surfactant concentrations and surfactant types to recovery factor. The determination of recovery factor will be using these methods; Amott apparatus (imbibition process) and injection using core holder and syringe pump. The expectations from this study is there will be get the best result from many parameters of surfactant and brine water salinity to improve the recovery factor, especially on carbonate rock. Keywords: EOR, surfactant, recovery factor, carbonate PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Prayang Sunny Yulia)

316	Chemical Engineering	ABS-467
Degradation of Hydrogen Sulfide in Ethanol Industrial Waste by Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and Pseudomonas putida with Aerobic Biofiltration Method in Bioreactor Vivi Alvionita Sari (1) , Sri Rachmania Juliastuti (2) 1,2) Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya Abstract Molasses, Stillage or vinasse and Spent wash (bottom product of distillation column) are large liquid wastes production in the bioethanol industry that contain high sulfur. The liquid wastes with high sulfur contain are dangerous if it discharges directly into the environment without pretreatment. For this reason, pretreatment is needed to reduced the sulfur concentration of liquid waste (molasses) using biofiltration method. The objective of this research is to eliminate the content of H2S or sulfur in the wastewater of the bioethanol industry (molasses) by using aerobic bacteria such as Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans dan Pseudomonas putida. The method of this experimental work used biofiltration which are attached on wood chips or bagasse packing by aerobic bacterial to form biofilms in the reactor. The process in this study was conducted in two steps. The first step was carried out by sulfur oxidizing bacteria such as Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and Pseudomonas putida with a concentration of 10% and 20% (v/v) that growth on packing to form biofilms in the reactor for 13 days. Furthermore, as the second step the bacteria degraded H2S content of liquid waste with attached bacteria on packing for 15 days in biofiltration reactor. From the preliminary results of this study, reactor with 10% (v/v) A. thiooxidans on wood chips packing and 3% (v/v) concentration molasses waste can degraded H2S from 4.35 mg/L to 1.55 mg/L (64.37% removal efficiency) and for reactor with 20% (v/v) A. thiooxidans can degraded H2S from 4.35 mg/L to 1.16 mg/L (73.33% removal efficiency). Meanwhile, reactor with 10% (v/v) Pseudomonas putida can degraded H2S from 4.35 mg/L to 1.94 mg/L (55.40% removal efficiency) and for reactor with 20% (v/v) Pseudomonas putida can degraded H2S from 4.35 mg/L to 1.47 mg/L (66.21% removal efficiency). Keywords: Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, Biofiltration, Molasses, Pseudomonas putida, Wood chips PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Vivi Alvionita Sari)

317	Chemical Engineering	ABS-739
Nano-bentonite as a low-cost adsorbent for removal of mercury in aqueous solution Muhammad Zaki (a), Arif Maulana (a), Firda Tirtayani (b), Pocut Nurul Alam (a), Husni Husin (a,b)* a) Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia b) Graduate School of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia *husni_husin[at]che.unsyiah.ac.id Abstract Study of the mercury (Hg II) removal from aqueous solution has been investigated by adsoprtion using a low-cost bentonite nanoparticle. The nano-bentonite adsorbent was prepared by heating method at temperature of 400 Celcius. The activation was carried out by immersing natural bentonite in sodium hydroxide. The resulting powder was heated in the present of nitrogen gas as an activator agent. The bentonite sample was characterized by means of Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD). The prepared bentonite had a heterogeneous surface with a particle size of 300 nm. The nano adsorbent was tested in the absorption of synthetic Hg(II) solution which concentration varied from 5 to 120 ppm with 0.1 gram absorbent and volume of 100 ml. The adsorbed amount of Hg(II) was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The adsorption capacities were fully fit with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. It was found that the adsorption process followed the Freundlich isotherm model with and adsorption capacity of 6.086 mg/g. Therefore, we conclude that nano-bentonite can be a potential low-cost adsorbent for removal of mercury in water. Keywords: Bentonite; Mercury solution; Adsorbent; Freundlich Isotherm PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Husni Husin)

318	Civil Engineering	ABS-792
Identification of the inhibiting factors for skilled labour in the construction sector to obtain competency certification Irika Widiasanti (a*), Doddy Rochadi (a), Agung Fridestu (a) and Lenggogeni(a) (a) Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta Jalan Rawamangun Muka, Jakarta 13220, Indonesia *irika[at]unj.ac.id Abstract The purpose of competency certification can be seen from two complementary aspects, namely to assess a persons ability and expertise in his profession and come out to give confidence to the user that the competence of labour fulfills the requirements in carrying out the task. However, the number of construction labour certified is only about 3% of all construction labour in Indonesia. This study aims to identifying inhibiting factors of competency certification in the perspective of construction labour, especially skilled labour. This study uses a quantitative model with descriptive analysis. This research was conducted on skilled labour in three high-level building projects. The research design used in the form of surveys with data collection methods through questionnaires, observation, and literature study. The results of this study indicate that the factors that hinder skilled labour in obtaining competency certification are 1) Complexity of the implementation of competency certification, 2) The high cost of competency certification, 3) There is no difference in certified labour wages, 4) The certificate does not guarantee quality work Keywords: competency certification, inhibiting factors, skilled labour PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Irika Widiasanti)

319	Civil Engineering	ABS-1057
FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM EXTENSION Kusno Adi Sambowo (a), Pangestu Kusumawardhana(a), Irika Widiasanti (a*) (a) Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta Jalan Rawamangun Muka, Jakarta 13220, Indonesia *irika[at]unj.ac.id Abstract This paper presents the evaluation of the precast reinforced concrete beam extension, in order to solve the problem of constructing a long and big concrete beam. We discuss the flexural strength analysis for a joint menchanism in the middle of the beam element in order to ease the installation. In this research we conduct expertiment on a total of three test materials. The first test material is a full beam with the size of 3000 mm x 250 mmx 350 mm. The second one is the beam with the cement hollow by the size of 1300 mm x 250 mm x 350 mm. The third one is a beam with the steel sheet extension by the size of 1400 mm x 250 mm x 350 mm. The test result shows that the maximum flexural strength which can be supported by the beam with the concrete hollow tube is lower compared to the whole beam or the beam with a steel sheet extension Keywords: concrete beam, knock down, precast, extension, concrete hollow tube, flexural strength PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Irika Widiasanti)

320	Civil Engineering	ABS-39
Influence of Local Rice Husks Ash on Compressive strength of Normal-Strength Concrete Butje Louk Fanggi (a*), Melinda Moata (b) , Abia Mata (a), Ferdinand Liem (a), Tedy Woenlele (a), Stefen Ndun (a), Johan Lada (a) a) Civil Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Kupang, 85000, Jl. Adi Soecipto-Penfui, NTT 85000, Indonesia *butje2017[at]gmail.com b) Dry Land Agriculture Departement, Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Kupang, Jl. Prof. Dr. Herman Johanes, NTT, 85001, Indonesia Abstract It is well known that rice husks ash can be used as cementitous material. However, different climate and geographical conditions could provide different quality of the ash. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of different percentage of local rice husk ash (RHA) taken from Oesao village in Nusa Tenggara Timur-Indonesia on compressive strength of normal-strength concrete. Eight specimens with diameter of 150 mm and height of 300 mm made of normal-strength concrete with replacement of .0%, 5.0%, 10%, 15% of Portland cement with RHA were cast, prepared, and tested until failure. It is found that the maximum strength was observed on specimen with replacement of 10% of the ash. Keywords: rice husk ash, compressive strength PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Butje Alfonsius Louk Fanggi)

321	Civil Engineering	ABS-807
THE POTENTIAL OF PROBLEMS ON OPERATIONAL GO-JEK AND GRAB BIKE Purnawan and Musliadi University of Andalas Abstract Since Grab bike and Go-jek operate using smart phone application in 2015, now this mode of transport is very popular in Indonesia. This mode of transport serves many features that most of them are needed by people. Because of the popularity, this mode of transport has spread in more 100 cities in Indonesia. Although, this transport mode is not regulated in UU No.22 Year 2009 but government can not avoid the reality that people like using this services. This research explores the potential problems on operational Grab bike and Go-jek. Survey was conducted by interviewed 100 drivers in Padang. Characteristic of drivers were explored, and operational characteristic of Go-jek and Grab Bike were identified. From the analysis it can be concluded that the driver work in Go-jek and Grab Bike because of low degree of education and could not work to good job, and other drivers are already work to other job but has low income. The potential problems that could arise is from internal and external factors. From internal factor, it is caused by the characteristic drivers it self, and from external factors, it is caused by the operational system and competition with other mode of transport. Recommendation has been developed to reduce the potential problems that could arise. Keywords: potential problems, operational, go-jek and grab bike PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Purnawan Purnawan)

322	Civil Engineering	ABS-48
ANALYSIS OF HORIZONTAL DEVIATION VALUES ON SHEARWALLS IN BUILDING STRUCTURE ACCORDING TO EARTHQUAKE LOAD DESIGN Eko Walujodjati, Melly Ayu Agesti Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Garut, Program Studi Teknik Sipil, Jl. Mayor syamsu no 1 jayaraga Garut, eko.walujodjati[at]sttgarut.ac.id Abstract Technoplex Living Apartment Bandung is one of the buildings using a shear wall that is built in earthquake-prone areas. This study analyzes the CW3 shear wall Type which aims to determine the seismic load plan using spectrum response analysis that is applied and analyzed on the structure of the building so that the horizontal deviation value that will be compared against the value of horizontal deviation that is permitted under SNI 1726 of 2012 is obtained. The results of this study can be concluded that the CW3 shear wall produces the highest horizontal deviation value in the direction of X of 0.032 m greater than the highest horizontal deviation value in the direction Y of 0.0042 m. Because it was analyzed in one direction, namely the X direction with the percentage of seismic load received using an orthogonal system where the X direction building structure received an earthquake load of 100% while the Y direction of 30% from the earthquake load was calculated by the spectrum response analysis method and the resulting horizontal deviation was below the allowable safety margin, the percentage of X direction is 56.7% while Y direction is 92.3%. Keywords: Earthquake Load Design, Horizontal Deviation Value, Shear Wall, Building Structures PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Eko Walujodjati)

323	Civil Engineering	ABS-816
Risk Management Maturity of the Supervising Consultant on Quality and Time Performances in Construction Building Fitri Suryani(a), Hari Nugraha Nurjaman(a), Irika Widiasanti (b*), Inra Jayalangkara R(a) (a) Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Persada Indonesia Y.A.I Jakarta Jl. Pangeran Diponegoro No.74, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia (b) Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta Jalan Rawamangun Muka, Jakarta 13220, Indonesia *irika[at]unj.ac.id Abstract Construction of buildings has a complex type of work. Detailed work does not only refer to the technical specifications and drawing plans that have been set, but there are also construction norms and work steps that need to be understood by the Supervising Consultant in achieving project objectives. There are often problems with quality and time control, so the ability to manage risk from the Supervising Consultant needs to be known and analyzed. Based on this analysis, it can be determined the level of risk maturity of the Supervising Consultant in overseeing the implementation of building construction. The purpose of this study is to obtain the maturity level of the Supervising Consultant in managing risks related to quality and time performances. This study uses descriptive analysis and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to get category in risk control. The results of the study indicate that the Enterprise Risk Maturity criteria assessor obtained maturity level 4. This means that the Supervising Consultant has a supervisory system on the implementation of risk management, the principles have been implemented and accompanied by periodic improvements in terms of control. Keywords: Risk Management Maturity PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Irika Widiasanti)

324	Civil Engineering	ABS-562
Analysis Of The Type Of Dominant Damage At The Drainage Pump, Case Study : Surabaya City Pump Station Andi Candra Septaprasetya (a*), Umboro Lasminto (b), Vita Ratnasari (c) a) Students of Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Civil, Enviromental & Geo Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia *bearelits42[at]gmail.com b) Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Civil, Enviromental & Geo Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia c) Statistics Department, Faculty of Matematics, Computation, and Data Science, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia Abstract Most of Surabaya area is lowland, which is 80.72% with an altitude between 3-8 meter above sea level with a slope of less than 3%. Therefore, the city drainage system requires pump station operations to drain rainwater. One of the factors that can hinder the performance of pump stations in flood management is the damage to the drainage pump unit. This study has succeeded in finding motor damage as the type of dominant damage at drainage pump in Surabaya. The analysis of the types of dominant damage using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) by determining the type of dominant damage as the objective in the first level hierarchy, the dominant damage criteria are at the second level, and the types of damage are at the third level as an alternative decision. The types of damage are obtained by processing historical data of pump damage in 2017 to 2018, while the criteria for determining the dominant type of damage and the assessment in the AHP analysis are obtained from interviews and questionnaire with experts from the Surabaya city government and pump companies. The results of this study can be used to find the dominant causes of damage and forms of mitigation. Keywords: Drainage, Pump Station, Dominant Damage Type, Multi Criteria Decision, AHP PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Andi Candra Septaprasetya)

325	Civil Engineering	ABS-54
ANALYSIS OF OEDOMETER AND ROWE CELL CONSOLIDATION COMPARED TO EXPERIMENTAL TESTING Athaya Zhafirah (a*), Andri Krisnandi Somantri (b) a) Department of Civil Engineering, Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Garut, Jalan Mayor Syamsu 1, Garut 44151, Indonesia *athaya[at]sttgarut.ac.id b) Department of Civil Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung, Jalan Gegerkalong Hilir, Bandung 40559, Indonesia Abstract Consolidation settlement in clay soils can be predicted by analyzing the consolidation parameters. Consolidation parameters were obtained from the results of a laboratory consolidation test using an Oedometer and Rowe cell. The Rowe cell can measure pore water pressure, soil saturation, and back pressure as a simulation of field condition while the Oedometer cannot. However, there are significant differences between the results of the analysis with the consolidation settlement occurred in the field caused by drainage conditions, the micro characteristics of the soil structure, and the thickness of the soil layer. Therefore, it is necessary to validate the results of settlement in oedometer and Rowe cell consolidation analysis with the value of settlement of experimental results. The method used is a laboratory consolidation test using an Oedometer and Rowe cell as well as a laboratory-scale experimental consolidation test. The results obtain 79% of differences between experimental and Oedometer, while Rowe cell had a difference of 37% from experimental. Based on this, analysis using Rowe cell consolidation parameters can predict a settlement in consolidation in the field more accurately than Oedometer, because it has a smaller difference in value. Keywords: clay, consolidation, oedometer, rowe cell, experimental PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Athaya Zhafirah)

326	Civil Engineering	ABS-55
STUDY OF PVD EFFECT ON MODULUS OF SUBGRADE REACTION Athaya Zhafirah (a*), Andri Krisnandi Somantri (b) (a*) Department of Civil Engineering, Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Garut, Jalan Mayor Syamsu 1, Garut 44151, Indonesia *athaya[at]sttgarut.ac.id (b) Department of Civil Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung, Jalan Gegerkalong Hilir, Bandung 40559, Indonesia Abstract The basic strength parameter that is important for use in designing pavement is the modulus of subgrade reaction (k). Increase in value of modulus subgrade reactions can be obtained by soil improvement using PVD (Prefabricated Vertical Drain). The method used to obtain the modulus of subgrade reaction value is a plate load test using plates with a diameter of 304.8 mm in soil conditions without PVD and with PVD with a distance of 100 mm and 150 mm. The results obtained from the plate load test are pressure and settlement data. The plate load test results are then graphed between pressure and settlement. The modulus of the subgrade reaction is based on a pressure of 69 kN/m2 which determines a certain settlement. The most significant increase in modulus of subgrade reaction from soil conditions without PVD was found in the condition of soil with 100 mm PVD, which is 80.73%. Whereas the condition of soil with 150 mm PVD has an increase of 56.24%. Based on this, soil with PVD with a closer distance gives a more significant increase in subgrade modulus of reaction. Keywords: clay; PVD; modulus of subgrade reactions; plate load test; experimental PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Athaya Zhafirah)

327	Civil Engineering	ABS-824
Thermogravimetric Study of the very High-Volume Fly Ash cement paste with chemical activators Wiwik Dwi Pratiwi*#, Hamzah Fansuri**, Triwulan#, Januarti Jaya Ekaputri# *Shipbuiding Institute of Polytechnic Surabaya ** Department of Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya # Department of Civil Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya Abstract Cement with a high-level replacement of fly ash is an attractive strategy for making sustainable material binders. Because fly ash has a much lower reactivity than cement, the addition of an activator is a rational choice. This study was used a mixture of 20% OPC - 80% fly ash as a precursor. Three activators studied were sodium sulfate, calcium carbonate, and calcined-trass-NaOH. The effectiveness of the activator was determined by its ability to increase the compressive strength of the paste compared to control sample. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was applied to assess bound water (Wn) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2). The compressive strength is conducted to 2 cm x 4 cm cylinder paste sample. The paste fragments were ground for TGA. The compressive strength of sodium sulfate-activated paste is comparable with calcium carbonate, while calcined trass-NaOH results in the lowest strength among samples. The quantity of bound water and calcium hydroxide support these data. Keywords: high volume fly ash cement, thermogravimetric, compressive strength PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Wiwik Dwi Pratiwi)

328	Civil Engineering	ABS-315
PLUMBING WORK COMPETENCE INSTRUMENTS IN THE FIELD OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Faruq Abdur Rouf(a*), Riyan Arthur (b*), Henita Rahmayanti (c*), Arris maulana (d*) a. Faculty of Engineering, Jakarta State University. Jl. Rawamangun Muka, East Jakarta, DKI jakarta 13220 *loeqfaruq[at]gmail.com b. Faculty of Engineering, Jakarta State University. Jl. Rawamangun Muka, East Jakarta, DKI jakarta 13220 *arthur[at]unj.ac.id c. Faculty of Engineering, Jakarta State University. Jl. Rawamangun Muka, East Jakarta, DKI jakarta 13220 *henita.rahmayanti[at]unj.ac.id d. Faculty of Engineering, Jakarta State University. Jl. Rawamangun Muka, East Jakarta, DKI jakarta 13220 *arrismaulana[at]unj.ac.id Abstract This study aims to examine the level of suitability of the instrument in the Construction Sector of the Handicraft Sub-Sector Building for the Implementation of Plumbing Works issued by the Ministry of Public Works (PU) for SKKNI Kepnaker 2016-304 Plumbing planners, and developing these instruments. The research method used in this study is Content Analysis. The results showed that the instruments issued by the Public Works still did not thoroughly measure the competencies set forth in SKKNI Kepnaker 2016-304 Tukang Plambing, so the development of the instruments was necessary both content, constructs, and criteria, adjusted to the millennial era development. Keywords: Instruments, Competence, Plumbing PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Faruq Abdur Rouf)

329	Civil Engineering	ABS-318
Modeling the Potential Accidents at the Guarded Railroad Crossing Line Surabaya-Lamongan FP Luthfiyani (a*), H Suprayitno(b) a) Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya * fitria.luthfiyani[at]gmail.com b) Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya Abstract Traffic safety at railroad crossings considered poorly understood by the road users. A good safety understanding at railroad crossings is necessary to prevent potential accidents. This condition is possibly achieved if factors causing the accidents are clearly known. This study aims to find out factors with potentially causing accidents in a railroad crossing, especially related to traffic volume, vehicle queue length, past year accidents, and land use around the railroad crossing. Data were collected from the data inventory survey, which was then analyzed using regression analysis. The results found three equations types based on the land use, respectively as: Type 1 (Railroad Crossing-Local Road /Collector) Y = 0,97 + 2,819x1 + 0,042x2; Type 2 (Railroad Crossing-Public Facilities) Y = 0,693 + 4,4x1 + 0,006x2; Type 3 (Railroad Crossing-Approaching Intersection) Y = -0,209 + 3,14x1 + 0,018x2. This study can be used in other location depending type of equation. This study was benefited to design the policy as well as the layout of railroad crossings in order to minimize the potential accidents in the railroad crossing areas. Keywords: Railroad crossing, accident, factors of accident PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (FITRIA LUTHFIYANI)

330	Civil Engineering	ABS-64
Effect of Changes in Climatological Parameters on Water Flow Sulwan Permana Department of Civil Engineering, Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Garut, Jl. Mayor Syamsu 1, Garut 44151, Indonesia sulwanpermana[at]sttgarut.ac.id Abstract The existence of rivers in an area is very important because it is often used by the community for daily needs. In addition to the availability of raw water, it is also used for agricultural purposes. Cipalebuh River with 42 km2 of river flow area is a river in the southern part of Garut Regency; this river is used for drinking water supply and for irrigating 1016 ha of rice field area. The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude of changes in the Cipalebuh river flow due to changes in climatological parameters such as average air temperature, average relative humidity, average wind speed, duration of solar radiation, air pressure, and solar radiation. The rainfall stations in the Cipalebuh river basin are the Pameungpeuk and Cisompet rainfall stations. Calculation of discharge using simulation method from F.J. Mock, while calculating evapotranspiration with the Penman-Monteith method. The net need for water in the rice fields is 1.4 lt/sec/ ha. Based on the results of the calculation of the effect of changes in climatological parameters it does not significantly affect the flow of water in the Cipalebuh river so that the availability of raw water and irrigation is not much disturbed. Keywords: Climatological; Discharge; The Water Availability. PermaLink | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sulwan Permana)

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